The Japan Times - King Charles highlights Canadian 'self-determination' as Trump looms

"Democracy, pluralism, the rule of law, self-determination, and freedom are values which Canadians hold dear, and ones which the Government is determined to protect," Charles said, adding Canada was facing a "critical moment."

Prime Minister Mark Carney invited the 76-year-old British monarch -- who is the Canadian head of state -- to the capital, accompanied by Queen Camilla.

King Charles's "speech from the throne" was the first by a monarch in nearly half a century.

The king has never publicly commented on Trump's repeated talk of making Canada the 51st US state, but his language was closely watched for any reference.

Although the speech was read by the king as if his own words, it was in fact written by the prime minister's office to set out the government's priorities to "build Canada strong" and how it aims to achieve them.

Trump has also ripped up the world trade order and launched tariff wars against friends and foes alike, particularly targeting Canada, a member of the British Commonwealth.

"The system of open global trade that, while not perfect, has helped to deliver prosperity for Canadians for decades, is changing. Canada's relationships with partners are also changing," Charles said, in cautious words.

"We must be clear-eyed: the world is a more dangerous and uncertain place than at any point since the Second World War. Canada is facing challenges that are unprecedented in our lifetimes."

The so-called throne speech was delivered in the Senate -- a former railway station that has been converted while parliament undergoes major renovations.

In diplomatic language, the speech was a reaffirmation of Canada's sovereignty, which Trump has threatened repeatedly.

Carney, a technocrat with no prior political experience, has vowed to oversee the biggest transformation of Canada's economy since the end of the Second World War to enable it to "stand up" to Trump.

Thousands gathered along a parade route early Tuesday morning for a chance to see their monarch. The atmosphere was festive with people waving Canadian flags.

Kirsten Hanson, 44, said she welcomes the king's show of support amid the pressure coming from Canada's southern neighbor.

"I think if there's anything that he can do to demonstrate Canada's sovereignty I think that that's fantastic," she told AFP.

"Nobody wants to be absorbed into the US," she said.

"Elbows up," said Marion Hand, 88, who travelled from Mississauga, Ontario for the event, in reference to Carney's battle cry in the face of Trump's annexation threats.

M.Fujitav--JT