The Japan Times - French court jails Bulgarians for up to four years for Holocaust memorial defacement

The Paris Criminal Court handed down two-year sentences to Georgi Filipov and Kiril Milushev, described as the perpetrators, and four and three years respectively to Nikolay Ivanov and Mircho Angelov, considered the operation's "masterminds". Angelov is still at large.

All four were also banned from entering French territory for life.

The trial was the first of its kind in France, one of a series of similar cases suspected of having been orchestrated by a foreign power with the aim to destabilise.

The four defendants were not tried for acting on behalf of a foreign power: that aggravating circumstance was only added to France's criminal code after the incident took place.

However, in their judgement, the judges said foreign interference was "indisputable" and aimed to "stir up public opinion, exploit existing divisions and further fragment French society".

The vandalism was staged during heightened tensions in France over the war between Israel and Palestinian militant group Hamas that broke out in October 2023.

The wall daubed with red handprints by the perpetrators lists 3,900 people honoured for protecting Jews during the Nazi occupation of France in World War II.

Several other red handprints were found in nearby areas of central Paris.

The prosecutor's office said a security agent had caught two people placing stencils on the memorial.

Investigators identified them with security footage, then discovered that three had caught a bus to Belgium the next morning, then a flight to Bulgaria.

The Paris prosecutor's office said the red handprint incident, possibly "orchestrated by Russian intelligence services", was one of nine such suspected acts of foreign interference.

Other suspicious incidents include Stars of David stencilled in the Paris region in October 2023; coffins bearing the words "French soldiers of Ukraine" left at the foot of the Eiffel Tower in June last year; and in just this September, pigs' heads left in front of mosques in the Paris region.

K.Nakajima--JT